Аннотация. Исследовано изменение структуры глиносодержащих образцов после длительной фильтрации воды через них методом рентгенофазового анализа. Проведено сравнение рентгенограмм для образцов, находившихся в разных частях грунтового массива. Показано, что структура изменяется от иллитоподобной до монтмориллонитоподобной сверху вниз по насыпи. Дано объяснение произошедших изменений на основе представлений о латеральных силах отталкивания противоионов на поверхности частиц.
Ключевые слова: глина, каолинит, монтмориллонит, иллит, рентгенофазовый анализ
Abstract. The article is devoted to revelation the causes of landslides. Author’s assumption was based on the possible changes in the crystal structure of clays. The change of the structure of clay-containing samples was investigated after prolonged filtration of water through them. The research was performed with use X-ray diffraction method. The samples were selected from different parts of the soil mass. The roentgenograms of samples were compared. It was shown that the structure of the sample from the top of mass is the illite-similar. The structure of the sample from the down of mass is the montmorillonite-similar. Authors explained the changes on the basis of ideas about the lateral repulsion forces of counterions on the particle surface. This phenomenon leads to an increase in the electrostatic repulsion forces between the clay particles. These results will allow to develop the theory of ground structures stability and to suggest methods of sustainability.
Keywords: clay, kaolinite, montmorillonite, illite, X-ray diffraction analysis